{"id":20020,"date":"2021-04-20T15:27:40","date_gmt":"2021-04-20T12:27:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.kinnisvaraweb.ee\/blog\/?p=20020"},"modified":"2021-04-20T15:27:40","modified_gmt":"2021-04-20T12:27:40","slug":"uleandmise-vastuvotmise-akt-olulisus-levinumad-vead-reaalse-akti-analuus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kinnisvaraweb.ee\/blog\/uleandmise-vastuvotmise-akt-olulisus-levinumad-vead-reaalse-akti-analuus\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00dcleandmise-vastuv\u00f5tmise akt: olulisus, levinumad vead, reaalse akti anal\u00fc\u00fcs"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b>\u00dcleandmise-vastuv\u00f5tmise akt on lihtsaim viis pakkuda k\u00f5igile osapooltele nii \u00fc\u00fcri- kui ka ostu m\u00fc\u00fcgitehingutel v\u00f5imalikult palju kaitset. Kaanon Kinnisvara maakler Annemai Tuvike tegi k\u00f5nealuse aktiga seonduvast p\u00f5hjaliku \u00fclevaate.<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>\u00dcleandmise-vastuv\u00f5tmise akti olemus ja olulisus<br \/>\n<\/strong>\u00dcleandmise-vastuv\u00f5tmise aktid on nii \u00fc\u00fcri- kui ka ostu-m\u00fc\u00fcgitehingutel s\u00f5lmitavad lihtkirjalikud kokkulepped. K\u00f5ik muud dokumendid, sh volikirjad, peavad ostmisel-m\u00fc\u00fcmisel olema notariaalselt kinnitatud. Kui ostetakse kinnisvara l\u00e4bi kinnisvarab\u00fcroo, siis sageli tegeleb akti koostamisega kinnisvaramaakler.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00dcleandmise-vastuv\u00f5tmise akti peamine olulisus seisneb selles, et kui n\u00e4iteks \u00fc\u00fcrilepingu l\u00f5ppedes esineb varal kahjustusi, siis saab antud dokumendi alusel selgeks teha, kas need olid olemas juba enne \u00fc\u00fcrniku sissekolimist v\u00f5i mitte ja kes kannab kulud. M\u00f5istagi tuleb aga arvestada loomulikku kulumist. Kui on n\u00e4ha, et n\u00e4iteks diivan on kulunud, siis ei ole m\u00f5istlik s\u00fc\u00fcdistada \u00fc\u00fcrnikku, justkui oleks tema diivani \u00e4ra rikkunud.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Viimasel ajal on paraku muutunud \u00fcha sagedamaks vaidlused, kus pooled ei leia konsensust ja tuleb minna kohtusse. Pole v\u00e4listatud, et sellistel juhtumitel puudub just nimelt seesama akt, kus oleksid asjad piisava p\u00f5hjalikkusega fikseeritud, et ei tekiks vaidlusmomente. Isegi kui puudub akt v\u00f5i seal esineb puuduseid, tasub alati \u00fcritada kokkulepped saavutada ja kompromissini j\u00f5uda v\u00e4ljaspool kohut. Teadagi on ju kohtukulud ja sinna minev ajaressurss tihtipeale liiga suured, et see k\u00f5ik ennast \u00e4ra tasuks.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ehk siis \u00fcleandmise-vastuv\u00f5tmise akt on hea viis pakkuda k\u00f5igile osapooltele v\u00f5imalikult palju kaitset. Seda on v\u00f5imalik kasutada t\u00f5endina ka eespool mainitud kohtus, juhul kui seda t\u00f5esti peaks vaja minema. Aktid v\u00e4listavad v\u00f5i v\u00e4hemasti v\u00e4hendavad oluliselt hilisemaid vaidlusi v\u00f5i arusaamatusi. Seda nii vara v\u00f5\u00f5randamise kui ka \u00fc\u00fcrniku vahetuse korral. Kui olukorda aktiga \u00e4ra ei fikseerita, on erimeelsused kerged tekkima, on klassikaline s\u00f5na s\u00f5na vastu juhtum.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hea meel on aga t\u00f5deda, et aktide olulisust on viimaste aastatega hakatud rohkem m\u00f5istma, kuigi v\u00f5ib-olla v\u00f5iksid need olla veelgi korrektsemad ja p\u00f5hjalikumad, s\u00f5ltuvalt muidugi varast.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Mis peaks aktis kirjas olema?<br \/>\n<\/strong>\u00dcleandmise-vastuv\u00f5tmise aktid peaksid kindlasti sisaldama\u00a0<strong>osapoolte nimesid (m\u00fc\u00fcja\/\u00fc\u00fcrileandja peab olema isik, kes on kinnistusraamatu j\u00e4rgselt vara omanik) ja isikukoode<\/strong>. Kui aktis ei ole kirjas nime ja seda ei allkirjasta isik, kes on kinnistusraamatu j\u00e4rgselt vara omanik, on akt \u00f5igust\u00fchine.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00dchtlasi fikseeritakse aktis\u00a0<strong>k\u00f5ikv\u00f5imalikud n\u00e4idud (nt vesi, gaas, elekter)<\/strong>. Mina olen n\u00e4idud aktidesse kirja pannud ka siis, kui need on automaatloenduritega.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Samuti on aktidesse m\u00f5istlik kirja panna,\u00a0<strong>millised v\u00f5tmed \u00fcle antakse<\/strong>, olgu siis tegu vara v\u00f5\u00f5randamise v\u00f5i \u00fc\u00fcriobjektiga. Eriti oluline on see aga \u00fc\u00fcriobjektidel, sest p\u00e4rast on vaidlused stiilis \u201ema andsin \u00fc\u00fcrnikule postkasti v\u00f5tme\u201c lihtsad tekkima, kui seda polnud aktis kirjas.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mina olen vara v\u00f5\u00f5randamise aktidele lisanud juurde\u00a0<strong>ostja-m\u00fc\u00fcja telefoninumbrid ja e-posti aadressid<\/strong>, sest kui notariaalne \u00e4rakiri ei ole osapooltel v\u00e4lja prinditud, siis selleks, et kontaktandmeid leida, tuleb\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/eesti.ee\/\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=http:\/\/eesti.ee&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1619003608400000&amp;usg=AFQjCNFM0fbTk-SNw0brA-ctsUoQwablTA\">eesti.ee<\/a>\u00a0lehelt otsida mitte k\u00f5ige lihtsamal moel leping \u00fcles (kui just ostja ning m\u00fc\u00fcja ei ole mingil p\u00f5hjusel varem omavahel kontaktandmeid vahetanud). M\u00f5istlikum on kontaktandmed seega akti kirja panna, sel juhul on need natuke k\u00e4ep\u00e4rasemalt olemas. V\u00e4hemalt minu jaoks on tegu mugavama variandiga.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Aktidesse on m\u00f5istlik m\u00e4rkida \u00e4ra k\u00f5ik varaga seotud\u00a0<strong>puudused<\/strong>. Kui puudused on aktides ammendavalt kirjas, siis on ostjal keeruline \u00f6elda, et te ei ole mulle sellest r\u00e4\u00e4kinud ja tegu on varjatud puudusega. Halvimal juhul v\u00f5ib ostu-m\u00fc\u00fcgi puhul varjatud puuduste ilmsiks tuleku korral p\u00e4rast ostu-m\u00fc\u00fcgilepingu allkirjastamist tehingu tagasi p\u00f6\u00f6rata. Loomulikult, eks taolistest asjadest r\u00e4\u00e4gitakse ka vara n\u00e4itamisel ja tutvustamisel, aga kirjalik fikseerimine on siiski taas oluline.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kui \u00fc\u00fcriobjekt on uhiuus v\u00f5i v\u00e4rskelt renoveeritud ja sees on n\u00e4iteks kallis m\u00f6\u00f6bel\/tehnika, siis tasub aktile juurde lisada\u00a0<strong>fotod<\/strong>. Kinnisvaraportaalide kuulutuste fotod on tavaliselt \u00fcldisemad, aga akti tuleks juurde lisada konkreetsed fotod esemetest (m\u00f6\u00f6bel, tehnika jm).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vara v\u00f5\u00f5randamise puhul on oluline, et akti saaksid kirja t\u00e4pselt need samad asjad\/esemed (m\u00f6\u00f6bel, tehnika jms), mis loetleti \u00fcles notariaalses ostu-m\u00fc\u00fcgilepingus. Samuti tuleb akti juurde lisada vara\u00a0<strong>seisukorra l\u00fchikirjeldus<\/strong>\u00a0(kui midagi on katki), seda nii ostu-m\u00fc\u00fcgi kui ka \u00fc\u00fcritehingute puhul. Kui kuskil esineb defekte, pragusid, auke v\u00f5i mingisugused m\u00f6\u00f6blikahjustusi, siis ka need on m\u00f5istlik \u00e4ra fikseerida.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Akti tasub \u00fcles m\u00e4rkida, millised\u00a0<strong>maksed<\/strong>\u00a0ja kellel j\u00e4\u00e4vad p\u00e4rast lepingu l\u00f5ppemist veel tasuda. Viimase kuu k\u00f5rvalkulud j\u00e4\u00e4vad sageli tasuda \u00fc\u00fcrnikul p\u00e4rast \u00fc\u00fcrilepingu l\u00f5ppemist. \u00dc\u00fcriobjektide puhul v\u00f5idakse teha tagatisrahast tasaarveldus seoses viimase kuu \u00fc\u00fcriga. Samuti saab akti kirja panna, kas \u00fc\u00fcrileandjal j\u00e4\u00e4b tasuda \u00fc\u00fcrilepingu l\u00f5ppedes \u00fc\u00fcrnikule kogu tagatisraha v\u00f5i on sellest mingi summa maha arvestatud (nt koristusfirma arve, v\u00f5lgnevus vms) ning tagastatakse v\u00e4iksem summa.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ostu-m\u00fc\u00fcgitehingute puhul tuleks akti kirja panna, mis kuup\u00e4eva seisuga l\u00f5petab m\u00fc\u00fcja\u00a0<strong>teenusepakkujatega (vesi, elekter, gaas jmt) lepingud<\/strong>\u00a0ja mis kuup\u00e4evast algavad uue omaniku lepingud. Vara v\u00f5\u00f5randamisel on m\u00f5istlik ka\u00a0<strong>\u00fchistut teavitada<\/strong>, et valdus on l\u00e4inud \u00fcle uuele omanikule ja edastada \u00fchistule uue omaniku kontaktandmed.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kui varal esineb mingeid\u00a0<strong>puuduseid<\/strong>, mis ilmnevad alles vara \u00fcleandmisel, siis on v\u00f5imalik akti kirjutada, mis t\u00e4htajaks lubatakse need \u00fc\u00fcrileandja v\u00f5i m\u00fc\u00fca poolt likvideerida. \u00dchtlasi j\u00e4\u00e4b alati v\u00f5imalus objekti mitte vastu v\u00f5tta enne, kui puudused on likvideeritud.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00dc\u00fcriobjektide puhul on seega m\u00f5istlik s\u00f5lmida \u00fcleandmise-vastuv\u00f5tmise\u00a0<strong>akt nii uue \u00fc\u00fcrnikuga, kes tuleb kui ka vana \u00fc\u00fcrnikuga<\/strong>, kes korterist parasjagu lahkub. Oluline on \u00e4ra fikseerida, millises seisus l\u00e4heb vara \u00fcle uuele \u00fc\u00fcrnikule ja samuti mis seisus eelmine \u00fc\u00fcrnik selle \u00fcle andis. Samuti tuleb kirja panna, kas vana \u00fc\u00fcrnik peab kahjud kuidagi korvama.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Igal juhul ei tasu akti koostada lohakalt ja kiirelt. Vastupidi: mida p\u00f5hjalikum, seda parem.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Kuna akt vormistatakse?<br \/>\n<\/strong>Ostu-m\u00fc\u00fcgitehingutel vormistatakse akt p\u00e4eval, mil valdus l\u00e4heb \u00fchelt omanikult \u00fcle teisele. \u00dcksikutel juhtudel on vara \u00fcle antud ka enne lepingu allkirjastamist notaris. Mina seda varianti ei poolda, sest ei ole \u00f5ige anda valdust \u00fcle kellelegi, kes tegelikult ei ole (veel) uus omanik.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00dc\u00fcriobjektidel vormistatakse akt aga \u00fcldjuhul p\u00e4rast seda, kui \u00fc\u00fcrileping on s\u00f5lmitud. \u00dcleandmise-vastuv\u00f5tmise aktiga antakse tavap\u00e4raselt \u00fcle ka v\u00f5tmed. Valduse \u00fcleandmisega kaldub vastutus \u00fchelt isikult teisele.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Vead, mida aktis tehakse<br \/>\n<\/strong>Peamised probleemid, mida olen seoses \u00fcleandmise-vastuv\u00f5tmise aktidega t\u00e4heldanud:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\n<li>akti ei allkirjastanud vara omanik, vaid keegi, kes pole varaga mitte mingil moel seotud;<\/li>\n<li>puudused pole ammendavalt kirja pandud, j\u00e4rgnevad pikad ja t\u00fclikad s\u00f5na s\u00f5na vastu vaidlused;<\/li>\n<li>tegelik volikiri puudub, kuigi v\u00e4idetakse, et see on olemas.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">R\u00e4\u00e4kides l\u00e4hemalt volitustest, siis ostu-m\u00fc\u00fcgilepingu puhul peab volikiri olema notariaalne, lihtkirjalik ei sobi. \u00dcleandmise-vastuv\u00f5tmise akti jaoks aga n\u00e4iteks sobib lihtkirjalik volikiri, sest ka akt on lihtkirjalik. Ehk siis volikiri on seotud sellega, milline on lepingu vorm. Kui dokument on notariaalselt kinnitatud, siis peab ka volikiri olema notariaalne ja vastupidi.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Volituse peab allkirjastama reaalselt inimene, kes on kinnistusraamatu j\u00e4rgselt vara omanik. Ei saa nii, et volituse teeb keegi k\u00f5rvaline. Sel juhul on volitus kehtetu.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Reaalse \u00fcleandmise-vastuv\u00f5tmise akti anal\u00fc\u00fcs<\/strong><strong><u><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-20022 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.kinnisvaraweb.ee\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/yleandmise-vastuvotmise-akt-1-kaanon-1-245x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"501\" height=\"614\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.kinnisvaraweb.ee\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/yleandmise-vastuvotmise-akt-1-kaanon-1-245x300.jpg 245w, https:\/\/www.kinnisvaraweb.ee\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/yleandmise-vastuvotmise-akt-1-kaanon-1-600x734.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.kinnisvaraweb.ee\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/yleandmise-vastuvotmise-akt-1-kaanon-1-123x150.jpg 123w, https:\/\/www.kinnisvaraweb.ee\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/yleandmise-vastuvotmise-akt-1-kaanon-1.jpg 667w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 501px) 100vw, 501px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 501px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 501\/614;\" \/><br \/>\n<\/u><\/strong><em>P.S. Tegu ei ole Kaanoni poolt vormistatud ning jagatud \u00fcleandmise-vastuv\u00f5tmise aktiga. Nimelt ostis \u00fcks Kaanonile teada isik hiljuti endale kodu, mida vastu v\u00f5ttes vormistati just selline akt. Osa aktist, mis t\u00e4ideti kohapeal k\u00e4sitsi, on siin loetavuse huvides \u00fcmber tr\u00fckitud (nt n\u00e4idud ja m\u00e4rkused).<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>KOMMENTAARID:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\n<li>aktis puudub kuup\u00e4ev, millal see on vormistatud;<\/li>\n<li>v\u00f5iks olla t\u00e4psustatud, kas ruumide\/korteri vm akt;<\/li>\n<li>puudub juhatuse liikme nimi ja isikukood;<\/li>\n<li>selgus, et akti allkirjastas volitatud isik, mis t\u00e4hendab, et juurde tuleb lisada ka &#8220;&#8230; keda esindab kirjaliku volikirja alusel &#8230;(nimi) &#8230;(isikukood)&#8221;;<\/li>\n<li>puudub ostu-m\u00fc\u00fcgilepingu kuup\u00e4ev (millal s\u00f5lmitud);<\/li>\n<li>aktis puudub tehnika ja m\u00f6\u00f6bli loetelu;<\/li>\n<li>kulude \u00fcleminek \u00fchelt omanikult teisele tulnuks lahti kirjutada;<\/li>\n<li>ei ole loetletud \u00fclesse, mitu komplekti ja millised v\u00f5tmed ostjale \u00fcle anti;<\/li>\n<li>visuaalselt on kenam, kui arvestite n\u00e4idud on m\u00e4rgitud tabelina;<\/li>\n<li>elektriloendurid on k\u00fcll automaatsed, aga siiski v\u00f5iksid need korrektsuse huvides aktis kirjas olla;<\/li>\n<li>m\u00e4rkuste neljas punkt (uus lukk): peaks olema kirjas, mis kuup\u00e4evaks tehtud saab;<\/li>\n<li>kuna akti ei allkirjastanud omanik, vaid volitatud isik, siis peaks allkirja real olema &#8220;m\u00fc\u00fcja esindaja&#8221;.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00dcleandmise-vastuv\u00f5tmise akt on lihtsaim viis pakkuda k\u00f5igile osapooltele nii \u00fc\u00fcri- kui ka ostu m\u00fc\u00fcgitehingutel v\u00f5imalikult palju kaitset. Kaanon Kinnisvara maakler<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":20021,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[388,226,140,586,202,307,427,306,524,21,364,477,26,42,515,92,424,547,525,234,483,501,502,579],"class_list":["post-20020","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-est","tag-analuus","tag-eesti","tag-kinnistu","tag-kinnistusraamat","tag-kinnisvara","tag-kinnisvaraburoo","tag-kinnisvaramaakler","tag-kinnisvaraportaal","tag-kodu","tag-kommentaar","tag-korter","tag-leping","tag-maa","tag-maakler","tag-muugitehing","tag-notar","tag-objekt","tag-ost","tag-ostu-muugileping","tag-tehing","tag-uur","tag-uurileping","tag-uuriobjekt","tag-uurnik"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u00dcleandmise-vastuv\u00f5tmise akt on lihtsaim viis pakkuda k\u00f5igile osapooltele nii \u00fc\u00fcri- kui ka ostu m\u00fc\u00fcgitehingutel v\u00f5imalikult palju kaitset. Kaanon Kinnisvara maakler Annemai Tuvike tegi k\u00f5nealuse aktiga seonduvast p\u00f5hjaliku \u00fclevaate. \u00dcleandmise-vastuv\u00f5tmise akti olemus ja olulisus \u00dcleandmise-vastuv\u00f5tmise aktid on nii \u00fc\u00fcri- kui ka ostu-m\u00fc\u00fcgitehingutel s\u00f5lmitavad lihtkirjalikud kokkulepped. K\u00f5ik muud dokumendid, sh volikirjad, peavad ostmisel-m\u00fc\u00fcmisel olema notariaalselt kinnitatud. 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